Unlocking the Potential of CFD Simulations in Civil Engineering
Master Thesis at PE Teknik & Arkitektur
Background
In the field of civil engineering, wind engineering assumes a pivotal role in the evaluation of wind behavior and its impact on structures and buildings. The main objective is to ensure the safety and structural integrity of these constructions under varying wind conditions. In the realm of structural engineering, this entails comprehending how wind exerts force upon a structure and the accurate determination of this load, which is of utmost significance. Currently, there are three methods for assessing the magnitude of wind loads:
- Calculation-Based Approach: This method, as prescribed by the EC documentation, is the most widely adopted among structural engineers due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ease of use. It suffices for the majority of structures; however, it often yields conservative results, particularly for structures with complex geometries such as irregular shapes or slender buildings, leading to less than optimal building designs.
- Wind Tunnel Testing: Wind tunnel testing involves the construction of a scaled-down replica of a structure, which is then subjected to wind in a controlled laboratory setting. This approach offers highly accurate insights into a structure’s response to wind-induced loads and is particularly valuable for tall structures, as it often leads to substantial reductions in estimated windloads. Nevertheless, the reliance on wind consultants and the time-intensive and costly nature of this method can be limiting factors.
- CFD Analysis: The third option involves the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations, which are rooted in the fundamental equations of fluid mechanics (Navier-Stokes) and can be solved numerically through specialized software. CFD analysis allows for the evaluation of wind loads with-out the need for physical laboratory tests, making it a promising alternative for civil engineering applications. However, it has not yet gained widespread adoption in the field.
Thesis Objectives
This thesis aims to explore and assess the potential of CFD simulations in civil engineering, in comparison to traditional wind load evaluation methods and wind tunnel tests. The research endeavors to combine qualitative methods, such as interviews, with quantitative analyses to evaluate the potential of CFD in civil engineering. By doing so, it seeks to shed light on the advantages and limitations of CFD simulations and their potential to revolutionize wind engineering practices in the field of civil engineering.