Early stage design optimization of a structure: How parametric design can illustrate the potential for enhanced sustainability in a structure
Master Thesis at PE Teknik & Arkitektur
Background
In the striving for sustainable and environmentally knowledgeable construction practices, the role of an engineer extends far beyond merely specifying green concrete. Traditionally, the focus has been placed on material improvements, emphasising green alternatives. While this is clearly significant, it only scratches the surface of what is possible in the area of sustainable construction. It goes beyond material optimization and encompasses structural optimization. The concept of structural optimization goes deeper, seeking innovative approaches to design and construction that minimize environmental impact without compromising structural integrity or safety. This shift is seen as a crucial area of development, as the engineer’s function must evolve to meaningfully contribute to the creation of more sustainable buildings.
Historically, engineers have faced the arduous task of conducting individual calculations for each potential structural option in the early stages, a time-consuming and challenging process to make economically viable. Consequently, familiar alternatives were often favoured, as their functionality was well-understood and contributed to greater efficiency. However, with the advent of parametric design, there’s now a faster and more accurate way to gain a comprehensive overview, considering factors like maximizing living space and minimizing material usage.
Through parametric design, variable parameters can be harnessed to define the geometry and other construction-specific prerequisites. This not only streamlines the process but also presents a wealth of opportunities to prioritize environmental sustainability. By incorporating climate-optimizing techniques during the initial planning phase, construction projects can take significant steps towards reducing their environmental impact. This encourages us to reflect upon: is there a direct correlation between the arrangement of various structural elements and a decrease in CO2 emissions? If such a correlation exists, how should the structural systems of the future be designed and constructed to achieve this paramount goal?
Figure 1: These images are from a prior master’s thesis within the same field of
study.
Aim
The aim is to develop a script that enables the study of the load-bearing elements within the structure and their interrelations. This script will demonstrate how the positioning of these load-carrying elements, as well as their influence widths, impact the overall environmental footprint of the structure. Consequently, the project will lead to a reduction in CO2 emissions, not simply by optimizing individual elements, but by optimizing the entire load-bearing system in terms of material usage.
Method
The method will be elaborated on by the student or students, but these parts can be an integral part of the project. The steps include:
- Conducting a thorough literature review encompassing various structural systems, material varieties, and dimensional considerations.
- Developing a Grasshopper script for assessing diverse structural systems in
terms of CO2 emissions. - Performing a comprehensive analysis to compare the outcomes obtained from the parametric model.
Additional information
- This thesis project is suitable for one student with prior experience in Grasshopper scripting. Alternatively, it can be undertaken by two students who may not have prior experience. The supervisor will offer guidance in both Grasshopper and construction.